I have been reading Ray Dalio’s Economic Principles that can be downloaded from the internet. I came across this interesting topic
on the different stages of countries evolvement. So I thought it is good to share. According to Dalio, there are 5 stages of economic
conditions throughout the lifecycle of a typical empire. 
1) countries are poor and think that they are poor
Countries are poor with very low
income. They have no savings and no debts to speak of. These countries are
basically low cost producers that produce low value added goods. This will
attract big foreign investments to tap on its highly cost effective production,
even in the face of a risky political situation. The currency and capital
market is undeveloped. Country will peg exchange rate to gold or some other
currency (e.g. USD). It is also the time where they build up their foreign reserves.
They are also known as early stage of emerging countries.
2) countries are rich but still think they are poor
The same people in these countries
that went through the first stage, started to become rich. They still remember
how they were grown up poor and are very financially cautious. The people
continue to work hard, driving the export. They continue to save a lot and
normally invest in houses, almost risk-free bonds of the country, gold etc.
Productivity rise, so is income. Inflation is not a problem and debt is well contained.
This is a healthy period.
However eventually debt rise faster
than income and income rise faster than productivity, the country starts to
experience inflation. With currency pegged to the reserve currency countries, the fate of the country’s economy is also dependent on the reserve countries. If the reserve countries have slower growth, which is usually the case, they will require 
decreasing interest rates to spur the economy. The emerging countries will then also have an interest rate environment that will be too low relative to nominal growth. This in turn will lead to credit growth and upward
inflationary bubbles. 
There will also be balance of
payment surplus. To curb inflation, government will then abandon peg
and appreciate currency to balance their trade. Domestic capital market becomes widely accepted with domestic
investors participating in this boom as well. If a big country that is going
through this “late stage of emerging-countries”, they will develop into
a great world power.
3) countries are rich and think of themselves as rich
In this stage, per capita income
rise to near world’s highest because of the countries’ prior investments in infrastructure,
capital goods and R&D are all paying off. Being rich, there are more spending on “wants” than “needs”. A psychological change takes place. People are becoming
richer and they wanted to savor their fruits. They no longer work as hard and
call for more work life balances and the younger yearn for early retirement. 
They become great importer and have
high foreign investments in developing countries. Their capital market achieve ‘blue-chip”
status and has high returns. Focus is on the development of their capital
markets rather than actual productivity of the countries.
Countries that are large and in this
stage almost always become world economic and military powers. They are aka early
stage developed countries
.
4) countries become poorer and still think of themselves as rich
At this stage, debts rise much
higher than income – leveraging up! The older generation who went through the earlier
emerging stages is either retired or no longer around.  The new generation while earn a lot, also spend
a lot. Their income grow, so are debt at a higher pace, while savings fall.  As credit loosens, the spending of the entire
economy is so strong that they appear rich, even when their balance sheets
deteriorate. 

The low levels of investments in infrastructure, capital goods and
R&D also mean productivity gains lessen. The balance of payment deteriorates
and the country lost its competitiveness. Rather than cutting deficits, they
continue to think that they are rich because of their reputation. Countries also typically spend a lot on military at this stage and sometimes go to war to
protect their global interests. This will result in government deficits. So the
country will experience twin deficits in 1) BOP and 2) government deficits.
As debts rise to purchase goods,
services and investment assets, Bubbles take place. People led by policy maker
still think like before and think more good times ahead. They continue to bet
heavily on trends rising, and thought their investments are great and borrow
more money to drive them up higher. Asset value rise, people appear even richer
and spending, nominal income continue rising. Borrowing capacity increase and the leverage up spiral goes up until the bubble eventually burst. 
The economy decline and this is
known as the late stage of developed countries.

5) deleveraging and relative decline, which they are slow to accept

When the bubbles burst, private debts skyrocketed. Private sector spending fall so is asset value and net worth.
Corporations and people becomes less creditworthiness. This will resulted in
less borrowing, and hence even lower spending. The negative cycle
self-reinforces and spiral down rapidly. Demand for their currency weakens and
hence depreciates.
To salvage the situation, central
bank print money and rate of interest decline in an attempt to spur nominal
(not real) GDP growth. Government debts rise dramatically. The nominal rate of
GDP growth needs to be higher than nominal rate of interest, in order to ease
debt burden. (side track: this is why Fed cannot raise rate, since the nominal growth is so
low!)
Given the low interest rate environment,
weak currencies, huge debts and poor
performing equity assets, these countries faces a serious decline. In order to
compete with the less expensive countries, their currencies have to depreciate
and they like it! So this stage signals the decline of a world power.

Rolf’s Thoughts

Maybe this provides a rough idea of where each economies are heading next!

Do you agree?

Related Posts

58 thoughts on “The 5 stages of an empire – Ray Dalio

  1. Seems like Europe is in Stage 5 already. Little innovative products to drive their economy. Even their banking sector is in shambles.
    U.S. seems to be in Stage 4, but there are still innovative tech companies driving productivity and growth, unlike Europe.
    For Singapore, it seems to be between stages 3-4. And sadly, there's little innovation to drive productivity here.

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  2. Hi Rolf,

    I am pretty bearish on Europe but still bullish on America. Besides the economy, I would also want to consider potential military power.

    1. Hi 15HWW,

      I am not too sure about bullishness for both USA and Europe as countries, though there are some extremely solid/strong companies that originated from these countries that will continue to do well for many years to come.

      Potential military power growing is the last thing we want, because the sheer "potentials" without the actual war, can already create hell lots of tensions! Especially if ever a Depression takes place. That is where we see people like Adolf Hitler surfacing.

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  31. We are direct providers of Fresh Cut BG, SBLC and MTN which are specifically for lease, our bank instrument can be engage in PPP Trading, Discounting, signature project (s) such as Aviation, Agriculture, Petroleum, Telecommunication, construction of Dams, Bridges, Real Estate and all kind of projects. We do not have any broker chain in our offer or get involved in chauffer driven offers.

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    The procedure is very simple; the instrument will be reserved on Euro clear to be verified by your bank, after verification an arrangement will be made for necessary bank documents and stock testing expenses, the cost of the Bank Guarantee will be paid after the delivery of MT760.

    DESCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENTS:

    1. Instrument: Bank Guarantee (BG/SBLC) (Appendix A)
    2. Total Face Value: Eur 5M MIN and Eur 10B MAX (Ten Billion USD).
    3. Issuing Bank: HSBC Bank London, Barclays, Credit Suisse and Deutsche Bank Frankfurt.
    4. Age: One Year, One Month
    5. Purchasing Price: 32% of Face Value plus 2% commission fees to brokers.
    6. Leasing Price: 4% of Face Value plus 2% commission fees to brokers.
    7. Delivery: Bank to Bank swift.
    8. Payment: MT-103 or MT760
    9. Hard Copy: Bonded Courier within 7 banking days.

    We are ready to close leasing with any interested client in few banking days, if interested do not hesitate to contact me direct.

    Email: [email protected]

    Skype: MrJohnPaulNowacki

    Regards,

    Mr John Paul Nowacki

  32. DO YOU NEED FINANCIAL HELP? $5000 to $20,000,000.00 No credit check

    Repaid over 1 year to maximum of 30 years at a low interest rate of 3%.

    Approval in 15-30 minutes Open 7 days a week from 24/7 Service available

    nationwide Whatsapp:+919205335862 E-MAIL

    [email protected] Tell : +919205335862

  33. We are Ireland based major/Direct providers of Fresh Cut BG, SBLC, POF, MTN, Bonds and CDs and this financial instruments are specifically for lease and sale.We are one of the leading Financial instrument providers with offices all over Europe.
    we always deliver on time and precision as Set forth in the agreement. You are at liberty to engage our leased facilities into trade programs, project financing, Credit line enhancement, Corporate Loans (Business Start-up Loans or Business Expansion Loans), Equipment Procurement Loans (Industrial Equipment, Air crafts, Ships, etc.) as well as other financial instruments issued from AAA Rated bank such as HSBC Bank Hong Kong, HSBC Bank London, Deutsche Bank AG Frankfurt, Barclays Bank , Standard Chartered Bank and others on lease at the lowest available rates depending on the face value of the instrument needed, Our Terms and Conditions are reasonable.
    DESCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENTS:
    1. Instrument: Bank Guarantee (BG)/SBLC (Appendix A)
    2. Total Face Value: 10M MIN to 50B MAX USD or Euro
    3. Issuing Bank: HSBC, Deutsche Bank Frankfurt, UBS or any Top 25 .
    4. Age: One Year, One Day
    5. Leasing Price: 4+ 1%
    6. Sale Price: 32+2%
    7. Delivery by SWIFT .
    8. Payment: MT103-23
    9. Hard Copy: Bonded Courier within 7 banking days.
    If you have need for Corporate loans, International project funding, etc. or if you have a client that requires funding for his project or business, We are also affiliated with lenders who specialize on funding against financial instruments, such as BG, SBLC, POF or MTN, we fund 100% of the face value of the financial instrument.
    Inquiries from agents/ brokers/ intermediaries are also welcomed; do get back to us if you are interested in any of our services and for quality service.
    Name : Keat Cheng
    E-mail : [email protected]
    Skype id :[email protected]

  34. We Facilitate Bank instruments SBLC for Lease and Purchase. Whether you are a new startup, medium or large establishment that needs a financial solution to fund/get your project off the ground or business looking for extra capital to expand your operation,our company renders credible and trusted bank guarantee provider who are willing to fund and give financing solutions that suits your specific business needs.

    We help you secure and issue sblc and bank guarantee for your trade, projects and investment from top AA rated world Banks like HSBC, Barclays, Dutch Ing Bank, Llyods e.t.c because that’s the best and safest strategy for our clients.e.t.c

    DESCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENTS

    1. Instrument: Funds backed Bank Guarantee(BG) ICC-600

    2. Currency : USD/EURO

    3. Age of Issue: Fresh Cut

    4. Term: One year and One day

    5. Contract Amount: United State Dollars/Euros (Buyers Face Value)

    6. Price : Buy:32%+1, Lease: 4%+2

    7. Subsequent tranches: To be mutually agreed between both parties

    8. Issuing Bank: Top RATED world banks like HSBC, Barclays, ING Dutch Bank, Llyods e.t.c

    9. Delivery Term: Pre advise MT199 or MT799 first. Followed By SWIFT MT760

    10. Payment Term: MT799 & Settlement via MT103

    11. Hard Copy: By Bank Bonded Courier

    Interested Agents,Brokers, Investors and Individual proposing international project funding should contact us for directives.We will be glad to share our working procedures with you upon request.

    Name: Muhammed Emir Harun

    Contact Mail :[email protected]

    Skype: [email protected]

  35. We are direct mandate to providers and facilitators of all types of Bank Guarantee (BG), SBLC for Lease and Purchase. We engage in MTN, PPP programs, MT109, MT799, MT760, Loans, Sale and Lease of Financial Instruments. In addition we have a track record of 100% deliverance rate with the best workable procedures in the Financial Instruments industry. Our providers are very reliable and ready to transact. We have an excellent relationship with top rated banks in both Europe and Asia, Stock brokers and financial institutions all over the world. Within a short and transparent transaction period we can provide the SBLC/BG for your Heavy/Light project funding. We look forward to your cooperation as we establish a successful business relationship. Anticipating your inquiry Email: [email protected] Skype: tekstructuredfinanceltd Regards David Thomas TEK STRUCTURED FINANCE LTD BROKERS ARE WELCOME

  36. IQ FINANCE PLC provides a full financial planning service to both the commercial and domestic markets. At IQ FINANCE PLC we believe that financial planning is about two things: creating wealth and protecting wealth. These two objectives are at the heart of everything we do. And, as a member of IQ FINANCE Services, we give you a small-company service but with a large-company set up – the best of both worlds.

    You are at liberty to engage our leased facilities into trade programs as well as in signature project(s) such as Aviation, Agriculture, Petroleum, Telecommunication, construction of Dams, Bridges and any other turnkey project(s) etc. Our terms and Conditions are reasonable.

    Leasing Price : 4%+2%
    Buying Price: 32%+2%

    Contact us for more details on our terms and procedure of transaction.

    WALSH SMITH, ROBERT
    email : [email protected]
    skype: cpt_young1

  37. Contact: Gary Snyder
    Skype ID: readysteadyfinancesltd
    Email: [email protected]
    Tele: +447031912976

    We offer certified and verifiable bank instruments through Swift Transmissions from original

    providers capable of taking over time-bound transactions.

    PARTICULAR INSTRUMENTS BANK

    Instrument: Fully Cash / Bank Guarantee (Standard ICC format)
    Age: Fresh Cut
    Interest Rate: ZeroCoupon
    Duration: One (1) year and One (1) day
    Currency: USD / Euro
    Menu Bank: WEB Top
    Amount: As Suggested by Beneficiaries
    Initial Deposit: Applies to Instrument Value Required
    Invoice Price: Four (4%) Percent of Face Value minus Paid Initial Payment
    Intermediate Fee: One Percent (1%) of the Face Value is paid by the Beneficiary
    Tranche: As per the agreed tranche schedule
    Shipping: Swift MT799 / MT760
    Payment: Swift MT103 (Wire Transfer)

  38. We are direct providers of Fresh Cut BG, SBLC and MTN which are specifically for lease/sales, our bank instrument can be engage in PPP Trading, Discounting, signature project(s) such as Aviation, Agriculture, Petroleum, Telecommunication, construction of Dams, Bridges, Real Estate and all kind of projects. We do not have any broker chain in our offer or get involved in chauffeur driven offers.

    We deliver with time and precision as sethforth in the agreement. Our terms and Conditions are reasonable, below is our instrument description.

    The procedure is very simple; the instrument will be reserved on euro clear to be verified by your bank, after verification an arrangement will be made for necessary bank documents and stock testing expenses, the cost of the Bank Guarantee/Standby Letter of Credit will be paid after the delivery of the MT760,

    Description OF INSTRUMENTS:

    1. Instrument: Bank Guarantee (BG/SBLC)
    2. Total Face Value: Eur/USD 5M MIN and Eur/USD 10B MAX (Ten Billion EURO/USD).
    3. Issuing Bank: HSBC Bank London, Barclay's bank London,Credit Suisse and Deutsche Bank Frankfurt.
    4. Age: One Year, One Month
    5. Purchasing Price: 32% of face value plus 2% commission fees Leasing Price: 4% of Face Value plus 1% commission fees.
    6. Delivery: Bank to Bank swift.
    7. Payment: MT-103 or MT760
    8. Hard Copy: Bonded Courier within 7 banking days.

    Intermediaries/Consultants/Brokers are welcome to bring their clients and are 100% protected. In complete confidence, we will work together for the benefits of all parties involved.

    Contact : Mr. Raymond Doison
    Contact Email: [email protected]
    skype:[email protected]

  39. Are you an individual businessman or a business organisation that wishes to expand in business ??, we offer financial instrument such as BGs, SBLCs,MTNs, LCs, CDs and others on lease and sales at a rate of 4%+2% of the face value and reasonable conditionfrom a genuine provider. You are at liberty to engage our leased facilities into trade programs as well as in signatory project(s) such as Aviation, Agriculture, Petroleum, Telecommunication and any other project(s) etc.

    Contact : Mr. Raymond Doison
    Contact Email: [email protected]
    skype:crusaderbroker.bgassurance
    Whatsapp : +380 50 922 4887

    With our financial/bank instrument you can establish line of credit with your bank and/or secure loan for your projects in which our bank instrument will serve collateral in your bank to fund your project.

    We deliver with time and precision as set forth in the agreement. Our terms and Conditions are reasonable and we work directly with issuing bank lease providers, this instrument can be monetized on your behalf for upto 100% funding. Intermediaries/Consultants/Brokers are welcome to bring their clients and are 100% protected. In complete confidence, we will work together for the benefits of all parties involved.

    All relevant business information will be provided upon request.

    BROKERS ARE WELCOME & 100% PROTECTED!!!

    If Interested kindly contact me via

    Email:~ [email protected]

    Skype ID:crusaderbroker.bgassurance

    serious enquiry only.

    Genuine Provider for BG/SBLC(Bank Guarantee/Standby Letter of Credit)
    I am Direct Provider's Mandate of BG & SBLC Lease 100% protected.

  40. ​We are genuine certified Financial Instrument providers. Presently, we only focus on BG/SBLC for Lease and purchase purposes. Our Lease BG/SBLC is 4+2% and purchase at 32+2%.

    Kindly contact us for our procedures and be sure that we shall respond within 48hrs maximum.

    For further inquiry contact: ANDREW ROBERT CARTER
    Skype: acf5bce0289dc27b
    whatsapp: +6285715122351
    Email: [email protected]

  41. ALL LOAN SERVICES AVAILABLE

    Commercial Loans
    Personal Loans
    Business Loans
    Investments Loans
    Development Loans
    Acquisition Loans
    Construction loans
    Business Loans And many More:
    Whats-app us on +91-8546023893
    Contact Us At : [email protected]
    Mr.Clem Alpha

  42. Dear Sir/Ma,

    We are project funder as well as financial lender. We have BG/SBLC specifically for BUY/LEASE at a leasing price of 4%+2% of face value Issuance by HSBC London and many other 25 top AA rated Bank in Europe, Middle East or USA. We also secure funding. Also We are into the provision of short term and long term business/personal loans for both small and large scale business funds.

    * FOR LEASING OF BG/SBLC
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M
    LEASING FEE = 4%+2%

    * FOR PURCHASE OF FRESH CUT BG/SBLC
    PRICE = 32%+2%
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M

    Intermediaries/Consultants/Brokers are welcome to bring their clients and are 100% protected. In complete confidence, we will work together for the benefits of all parties involved.

    ENNIE OWEN
    E-mail : [email protected]
    Skype id : [email protected]

  43. LOANS, BG/SBLC FOR LEASE AND PURCHASE

    We are exclusive agent to direct providers of Fresh Cut BG, SBLC, MTN Bonds, Bank draft and Loans which we have specifically for lease. We do not have any broker chain in this offer or get involved in Chauffer driven offers. We deliver with time and precision as set forth in the agreement. You are at liberty to engage our leased facilities into trade programs as well as in signature project(s) such as Aviation, Agriculture, Petroleum, Telecommunication, construction of Dams, Bridges and any other turnkey project(s) etc.

    DESCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENTS:
    1. Instrument: Bank Guarantee (BG/SBLC) (Appendix A)
    2. Total Face Value: Eur 5M MIN and Eur 10B MAX (Ten Billion USD) .
    3. Issuing Bank: HSBC Bank London, Credit Suisse and Deutsche Bank Frankfurt.
    4. Age: One Year, One Month
    5. Leasing Price: 3% of Face Value plus 2% commission fees to brokers.
    6. Delivery: Bank to Bank swift.
    7. Payment: MT-103 or MT760
    8. Hard Copy: Bonded Courier within 7 banking days.

    The Leased Instruments includes: BG’ s, Insurance Guarantees, MTN, ( SBLC) Standby Letters of Credit and Third Party Guarantees such as a standby forward commitment to purchase or a standby loan. If you are a potential Investor or Principle looking to raise capital, we will be happy to answer any questions that you have about this opportunity and to provide you with all the details regarding this services.

    Our BG/ SBLC Financing can help you get your project funded, loan financing, please let me know if you are interested in any of our services, by providing you with yearly renewable leased bank instruments. We work directly with issuing bank lease providers, this Instrument can be monetized on your behalf for 100% funding.

    BROKERS ARE WELCOME & 100% PROTECTED!!!

    We are ready to close leasing with any interested client in few banking days, if interested do not hesitate to contact me direct.

    Regards

    Philip James
    Email: [email protected]
    Skype: [email protected]

  44. TÉMOIGNAGE DE PRÊT SÉRIEUX ET RAPIDE DANS 24 H

    Voici son adresse e-mail : [email protected]

    Bonjour je m’appelle Jahnaelle Even , je tiens à partager ce petit témoignage avec vous; c’est grâce à Mr Stéphane TANG que mon père a reçu un prêt de 35.000€ pour la fête de fin d'année et certains de ses collègues ont également reçu des prêts de cette monsieur sans aucune difficulté et en plus à un faible taux. Je vous conseille de ne plus vous tromper de personne si vous voulez effectivement faire une demande de prêt d’argent pour votre projet et tout autre. Je publie ce message parce que Mr Stéphane a fait du bien à mon père. . Alors je vous conseille de le contacter et il vous satisfaire pour tous les services que vous lui demanderez.

    Voici son adresse e-mail : [email protected]

  45. We are project funder as well as financial lender. We have BG/SBLC specifically for BUY/LEASE at a leasing price of 4%+2% of face value Issuance by HSBC London and many other 25 top AA rated Bank in Europe, Middle East or USA. We also secure funding. Also We are into the provision of short term and long term business/personal loans for both small and large scale business funds.

    * FOR LEASING OF BG/SBLC
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M
    LEASING FEE = 4%+2%

    * FOR PURCHASE OF FRESH CUT BG/SBLC
    PRICE = 32%+2%
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M

    Kindly contact us for our procedures and be sure that we shall respond within 48hrs maximum.

    Intermediaries/Consultants/Brokers are welcome to bring their clients and are 100% protected. In complete confidence, we will work together for the benefits of all parties involved.
    Contact Name : Blaine Lorcan
    Contact Email: [email protected]
    Skype:[email protected]
    WhatsApp: +1(501)420-4128

  46. Standby Letter of Credit Monetization (BG/SBLC) – Leased/Purchased

    Complete Leased/Purchased Standby Letter of Credit Monetization (BG/SBLC) Non Recourse Loan

    We offer Standby Letter of Credit Monetization (BG/SBLC)

    Bank SWIFT – We use the Bank SWIFT Network to have the Standby Letter of Credit (SBLC) delivered Bank to Bank using SWIFT MT799 followed by SWIFT MT760.

    Standby Letter of Credit Monetization LTV:

    1M to 50B Standby Letter of Credit – Leased (BG/SBLC) – 60% Non Recourse Loan
    1M to 50B Standby Letter of Credit (BG/SBLC) – 90% Non Recourse Loan

    Estimated Completion Time:

    5 to 7 Days after all documents are signed and verified or 3 to 4 Days After Instrument Delivery on the SWIFT Network.

    Closing Process – SWIFT

    After execution of the Standby Letter of Credit Monetization contract by both parties the Client will instruct his bank to send SWIFT MT799 to the bank coordinates provided by the Monetizer.

    The Monetizers bank on receipt of the SWIFT MT799 from the clients bank will reply with a SWIFT MT799.

    On receipt of the Monetizers bank SWIFT MT799 the Clients bank will deliver the Standby Letter of Credit (SBLC) by SWIFT MT760 to the Monetizers bank.
    Upon receipt, confirmation and delivery of the SWIFT MT760 the Standby Letter of Credit Monetizer will within maximum four (4) banking days grant a Non Recourse Loan for the LTV as agreed from its nominated bank to the Client.

    The Standby Letter of Credit Monetizer agrees to return the Standby Letter of Credit (SBLC) unencumbered fifteen (15) calendar days before the 1 year anniversary of the signed contract between the parties.

    Brokers & Consultants:
    Always 100% Protected & Respected
    Healthy Commissions Paid

    For More Inquiries,
    Email :[email protected]
    WhatsApp :+1(501)420-4128
    Skype :[email protected]

  47. Hello, I am Mohammedi Miah by name and I want to testify to a good lender who has loaned me a loan of $490,000.00, after being cheated by several international internet financiers, everyone promises to give me a loan after I have been forced to pay a lot of costs that are worthless or a loan Loan No positive result. Until I met a witness who was also scammed and eventually connected to a legitimate loan company called Clem Alpha Finance Company Limited, where he finally got his loan, so I decided to contact him Loan Company and all they assured me was that I would not cry more because I would get my loan from their company and I would follow them when they reported my surprise. They gave me a loan of $490,000.00 For more information about their services Email: [email protected]

  48. GENUINE BANK GUARANTEE (BG) AND STANDBY LETTER OF CREDIT (SBLC) FOR BUY/LEASE
    AT THE BEST RATES AVAILABLE

    We offer certified and verifiable bank instruments via Swift Transmission from a genuine provider capable
    of taking up time bound transactions.

    FOR LEASING OF BG/SBLC
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M
    LEASING FEE = 4%+2%

    FOR PURCHASE OF FRESH CUT BG/SBLC
    PRICE = 32%+2%
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M

    Our BG/SBLC Financing can help you get your project funded, loan financing by providing you with yearly. RWA ready to close leasing with any interested client in few banking days

    Name : Scott james

    Email : [email protected]
    Skype: [email protected]

  49. We specialized in Bank Guarantee {BG}, Standby Letter of Credit {SBLC}, Medium Term Notes {MTN}, Confirmable Bank Draft {CBD}, LOAN, as well as other financial instruments issued from AAA Rated bank such as HSBC Bank Hong Kong, HSBC Bank London, Deutsche Bank AG Frankfurt, Barclays Bank , Standard Chartered Bank and others on lease at the lowest available rates depending on the face value of the instrument needed.

    We would be glad to share our working procedure upon your request.

    Contact Name: Kang Hee
    Contact Email: [email protected]
    Skype: [email protected]

    Regards
    Kang

  50. Hello Everybody,
    My name is Ahmad Asnul Brunei, I contacted Mr. Alpha Loan Firm for a business loan amount of $250,000, Then i was told about the step of approving my requested loan amount, after taking the risk again because i was so much desperate of setting up a business to my greatest surprise, the loan amount was credited to my bank account within 24 banking hours without any stress of getting my loan. I was surprise because i was first fall a victim of scam! If you are interested of securing any loan amount & you are located in any country, I'll advise you can contact Mr. Alpha Loan Firm via Email: [email protected]
    Whatsapp +91-9319067843

  51. We are Providers of all types of BG and SBLC with the best workable procedures. Our BG/SBLC ranges from MT799, MT760,(Both two way confirmation), MT103/23, MT103 (Both can be one way confirmation and two way confirmation) in USD and EUROS. Issuing Bank ranges from Top world 25 banks with face value ranging from 1M EUROS/USD to 10B EUROS/USD

    BROKERS ARE WELCOME & 100% PROTECTED!!!
    Intermediaries/Consultants/Brokers are welcome to bring their clients and cases to our attention and in complete confidence we will work together for the benefits of all parties involve.

    Our BG/SBLC Financing can help you get your project funded, loan financing, please let me know if you are interested in any of our services, by providing you with yearly renewable leased bank instruments. We work directly with issuing bank lease providers, this Instrument can be monetized on your behalf for 100% funding.

    We are ready to close leasing with any interested client in few banking days, if interested do not hesitate to contact me direct. [via Contact Form Below]

    Regards

    Dimitrij Conradi
    Email: [email protected]
    [email protected]
    Skype: [email protected]
    WhatsApp: +90 552 674 4696

  52. We are Providers of all types of BG and SBLC with the best workable procedures. Our BG/SBLC ranges from MT799, MT760,(Both two way confirmation), MT103/23, MT103 (Both can be one way confirmation and two way confirmation) in USD and EUROS. Issuing Bank ranges from Top world 25 banks with face value ranging from 1M EUROS/USD to 10B EUROS/USD

    BROKERS ARE WELCOME & 100% PROTECTED!!!
    Intermediaries/Consultants/Brokers are welcome to bring their clients and cases to our attention and in complete confidence we will work together for the benefits of all parties involve.

    Our BG/SBLC Financing can help you get your project funded, loan financing, please let me know if you are interested in any of our services, by providing you with yearly renewable leased bank instruments. We work directly with issuing bank lease providers, this Instrument can be monetized on your behalf for 100% funding.

    We are ready to close leasing with any interested client in few banking days, if interested do not hesitate to contact me direct. [via Contact Form Below]

    Regards

    Dimitrij Conradi
    Email: [email protected]
    [email protected]
    Skype: [email protected]
    WhatsApp: +90 552 674 4696

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